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Flag theory: What is it and how does it protect mobile high-earners

Flag theory: What is it...
The idea of the perpetual traveler is possibly centuries old. In the modern world, however, its meaning has somewhat solidified. The perpetual traveler is generally a high-earning individual such as an entrepreneur or seed investor who finds it more profitable and acceptable to not be locked down in a single country. Perpetual travelers, more often than not, have more than two countries they are familiar with.

Building upon this, Harry D. Schultz proposed the Three Flags Theory – essentially a philosophy detailing that you are more likely to save on taxes and live better if you have a second passport and an address in a tax haven, apart from the primary country of residence.
This idea was then picked up by numerous others and popularized in no time. Why? Because it works. Soon, the idea expanded to the Five Flags theory, adding two more flags, or countries, to have in your collection.

The core idea behind the Flag theory is to maximize freedom, reduce taxes, and improve your lifestyle by leveraging geography and law. The world is huge, with possibilities unlimited. If you are not capitalizing on the different opportunities that different parts of the world provide, you are missing out.

The only fair exceptions are when you are locked down in a place due to personal reasons (can be family, job, personal finances, or something else) or when you are simply unable to travel (can be due to disabilities, travel bans, or the fear of dropping dead mid-air).
If you are a high-earner and not really free simply because the whole idea sounds far too adventurous or risky, then let us rest your mind at ease. By the time you finish with this piece, you are going to feel a lot safer in actually trying it out. Take it slow, one step at a time, and you will be on your way to become the true nomad!

Five Flags theory – here’s what it means​

The Five Flags theory cements the perpetual travel idea and clarifies precisely how you can keep more of your hard-earned money while objectively improving your life – all by being open to discovering new lands and as a bonus, collecting new experiences.

Here are the five flags, or places, you should have under your belt to avoid excessive interference (including taxes and surveillance) while protecting your privacy better:

citizenship-flag" data-toc="1" >Citizenship Flag:​

The primary passport country. It shall not tax your income outside the country. If your current one does, now is the time to leave it and choose a more forgiving country as your primary passport/citizenship nation. Even if it doesn’t tax your external income but controls your life or wealth in excruciating ways, you guessed it, time to pack your bags. The key distinction between the citizenship country and your country of original residence is just that, so there’s no need to move out if you are already in a financially-conducive nation.
  • Choose a respected, neutral, visa-free travel country that doesn’t tax the non-resident and allows multiple citizenships.
  • Good examples: Canada, most Caribbean countries, and most European countries.
Your legal residence has to be in a tax haven. This allows you to save money, quite simply. The legal residence is a formality, you will not really live here.
  • This is the address you will give everywhere, such as when checking into hotels.
  • Some good tax havens include Andorra, Monaco, Belize, Malaysia, and some Latin American countries.

Business Flag:​

This is the business country. This is where you will do business and earn money. If your work does not require you to be physically present at all times, then you have a lot of options here.
  • Choose a country with remarkably low corporate tax rates.
  • You can also choose to run more than one business in different countries, or do your business completely online.
  • Note that the companies you own will be tied to the asset country (next flag), thus you won’t be paying personal taxes.
  • Dozens of countries have a low corporate tax rate, notable among which are Hungary, the UK, Turkey, Israel, Finland, Spain, Belgium, and the US.

Asset Flag:​

Fourth on the list is your asset haven. Much like a tax haven that protects you from the ravages of taxation, the asset haven protects your assets from many threats. This is where you will essentially “keep” your money. The asset haven is a country with low taxes on both, long-term capital gains (like stocks, bonds, and property) and passive income streams.
  • Ideally, you would diversify your money and invest in different asset classes in this country.
  • You can also invest in borderless alternative assets such as DeFi protocols or digital assets such as cryptocurrencies and NFTs.
  • The asset haven might require you to set up a base, such as fund managers, trusts, foundations, and so on to better manage and track your money.
  • Financially stable countries such as Panama, Singapore, and Switzerland are great asset countries.

Recreational Flag:​

The recreational country, also known as the playgrounds, is the country where you will spend your money (and the majority of your time). What, were you thinking that this theory was an all-work and no-play ancient philosophy?
Note that this is one flag where your personal preferences take priority. Sure, Japan’s consumption tax is significantly low, but if you want to spend your money seeing Greek architecture then by all means choose Greece. By leveraging the other five flags correctly, you will be making enough to pay 1-5% more on consumption.
  • The best part about the playgrounds is that they can keep changing, or be more than one at the same time. If you don’t like to settle, in the true spirit of the perpetual traveler, we would recommend a traveling playground.
  • The preference here is completely yours. Geographical or cultural features, amenities, types of lifestyle, etc. can influence what country you make your playing ground.
  • Ideally, you want to spend your money in countries with low goods and services tax rates. Among the OECD countries, the countries with the lowest consumption taxes are Switzerland, the US, New Zealand, Luxembourg, Korea, Japan, Canada, and Australia.

Wrapping up​

The story of offshore companies, multiple passports, digital banking, and alternative assets for tax avoidance, more freedom, better privacy, and more fun is indeed lucrative. Sort of only requires guns to transform into a James Bond movie.

But there are dangers, risks, and pitfalls hardly anyone pays attention to. To be a true nomad, a true perpetual traveler, and to use the Five Flags theory correctly, you have to first learn it all the hard way.

Thankfully, we are here to make that learning curve a bit smoother.
 
does it works exactly like that with this Flag Theory ? I'm not sure if I understand the difference from this and normal asset protection ?
The asset protection element of flag theory goes beyond simple asset protection because it is immensely more difficult for a creditor, ex-spouse, or even your own government to successfully grab an asset in a foreign jurisdiction. Even if they successfully locate an asset overseas, it is typically cost-prohibitive to undertake legal proceedings in a foreign court.
 
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The asset haven might require you to set up a base, such as fund managers, trusts, foundations, and so on to better manage and track your money.
Someone has a good suggestion to where this could be possible to setup with ease, not too expensive to setup and maintain and still grant security when it comes to asset protection ?
 
I want to ask, the business flag - does it still works or is it outdated because of CRS and all this mess about information exchange, fatca etc?

Or is it tight connected to the citizenship flag and that's why it may work?
It depends on the tax laws of your country. It works great for U.S. citizens because all you must prove is that you work outside the U.S. for 330 days or more. Then you qualify for the Foreign Earned Income Exclusion and pay no tax on your salary (even one from your own company) up to about $112k. If your offshore company earns more than that, you can still reduce your overall net tax rate from about 40% to 10%-15%.
 
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that's amazing... why always US citizens have the best benefits in this world.

On the other hand, why we see so many US citizens around here at OCT complaining over the tax they have to pay to the US government?
 
On the other hand, why we see so many US citizens around here at OCT complaining over the tax they have to pay to the US government?
Because they remain onshore . . . living in the highest tax states . . . not building businesses where they can use the best tax deductions . . . and doing other stupid things. Lazy whining complainers are not doers.

Moreover, what I described in post #8 applies only to active income, not passive income.
 
The cost factor suing such a setup is the most important part of the Flag Theory. As above mentioned, if creditors should find an asset they will give up if they figure out it is located in an offshore jurisdiction or jurisdiction that is hard to get anything out of i.e. Switzerland, Cyprus and Malta.

It depends, if you are one of those have millions in assets and you owe millions, creditors will reconsider their options, but it really has to be big money.
 
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